Menkveld, A., Dreber, A., Holzmeister, F., Huber, J., Johanesson, M., Kirchler, M., Neusüss, S., Razen, M., Weitzel, U., Vladimirov, V., Caskurlu, T. and co-authors, O. (2024). Nonstandard Errors The Journal of Finance, 79(3):2339--2390.
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Affiliated authorsCharles Bos, Teodor Dyakov, Albert J. Menkveld, Norman Seeger, Vladimir Vladimirov, Jan Wrampelmeyer, Remco Zwinkels, Shihao Yu, Utz Weitzel, Egle Karmaziene, Laura Capera
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Publication year2024
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JournalThe Journal of Finance
In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty: Non-standard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for better reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.